Maryland's "Rain Tax"
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Maryland's "rain tax" was implemented in 2012 through the Watershed Protection and Restoration Act to fund stormwater management aiming to reduce the level of pollution in the Chesapeake Bay. This bill, HB 987, utilized a stormwater fee in the ten most urban jurisdictions in Maryland.
The first stormwater fee nationwide was enacted in Washington in 1974.[1] There are now nearly 1,500 jurisdictions with similar policies to address stormwater management.[2] Numerous counties in Maryland have implemented fees and programs to address polluted runoff since the 1980s.[2] In 2010, the U.S. EPA ordered the states in the Chesapeake Bay watershed to reduce stormwater runoff through independent funding methods.[3] Maryland voted to use stormwater fees to cover the $14.8 billion cost.[3]
The "Rain Tax"
The "rain tax" raised revenue to improve the stormwater management system while creating a financial incentive to minimize the construction of and replace current impervious surfaces.[4] Collection of the stormwater fee on impervious surfaces varied from annually on the property tax bill to quarterly on the water bill.[3] The rates and number of square feet used to calculate the Equivalent Residential Unit were set by local officials across the ten jurisdictions to adequately finance the work needed to meet the targets of the Chesapeake Clean Water Blueprint.[5] The revenue collected was used to maintain and repair the stormwater infrastructure to reduce pollution, improve water quality, and enhance the livability of these jurisdictions.[2]